api: "YAML JSON TOON Database"
version: 1.0.0
format: json
dataset:
  id: 50
  slug: ruby-language-essentials
  title: "Ruby Language Essentials"
  description: "Core Ruby programming concepts: blocks, procs, lambdas, metaprogramming, gems, Rails conventions, and Ruby idioms."
  category: "Programming Languages"
  category_slug: programming-languages
  tags: "ruby,rails,blocks,procs,lambdas,metaprogramming,gems,idioms"
  view_count: 0
  created_at: 1778695229
  updated_at: 1778695229
data:
  concepts
    [8]{name,type,syntax,description,example}:
      Blocks,"Anonymous code chunks","{ |args| code } or do...end","Chunks of code passed to methods, fundamental to Ruby iteration and DSLs","5.times { puts 'Hello' }"
      Procs,"Stored blocks","Proc.new { |args| code }","Blocks converted to objects, can be stored in variables and passed around","my_proc = Proc.new { |x| x * 2 }; my_proc.call(5)"
      Lambdas,"Strict procs","->(args) { code } or lambda { |args| code }","Like procs but with strict arity checking and return semantics (like methods)","my_lambda = ->(x) { x + 1 }; my_lambda.call(3)"
      Metaprogramming,"Runtime code generation","define_method, method_missing, send, class_eval","Writing code that writes code: dynamic method definition, method interception, eval families","define_method(:greet) { |name| puts \"Hello, #{name}\" }"
      "Mixins (Modules)","Shared behavior","module MyModule; def method; end; end; class Foo; include MyModule; end","Share methods across classes without inheritance, avoid multiple inheritance","module Comparable; def <(other); self <=> other == -1; end; end"
      Enumerable,"Collection protocol","include Enumerable; def each; end","Module providing iteration methods (map, select, reduce) to any class implementing #each","class MyCollection; include Enumerable; def each(&block); items.each(&block); end; end"
      "Singleton Methods","Per-object methods","def obj.method; end or obj.define_singleton_method(:m) { }","Methods defined on a single object instance, not its class","str = 'hello'; def str.shout; self.upcase + '!'; end; str.shout # => 'HELLO!'"
      "Method Missing","Dynamic dispatch","def method_missing(name, *args, &block); end","Intercept calls to undefined methods for DSLs, proxies, and dynamic behavior","def method_missing(name); name.to_s.reverse; end; obj.hello #=> 'olleh'"