{
    "api": "YAML JSON TOON Database",
    "version": "1.0.0",
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    "dataset": {
        "id": 68,
        "slug": "quantum-mechanics-basics",
        "title": "Quantum Mechanics: Core Principles and Phenomena",
        "description": "Foundations of quantum mechanics: wave-particle duality, Schrödinger equation, Heisenberg uncertainty, quantum superposition, entanglement, and measurement problem.",
        "category": "Physics",
        "category_slug": "physics",
        "tags": "physics,quantum-mechanics,schrodinger,heisenberg,superposition,entanglement,wave-particle-duality",
        "view_count": 0,
        "created_at": 1778695229,
        "updated_at": 1778695229
    },
    "data": {
        "principles": [
            {"name": "Wave-Particle Duality", "description": "Matter and light exhibit both wave and particle properties depending on experimental setup", "key_experiments": ["Double-slit experiment (interference pattern for electrons/photons)", "Photoelectric effect (light as particles/photons)", "Davisson-Germer experiment (electron diffraction)"], "formula": "de Broglie wavelength: λ = h/p", "significance": "Fundamental departure from classical physics; all matter has wave nature"},
            {"name": "Schrödinger Equation", "description": "Fundamental equation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics; describes evolution of quantum state", "formula": "iℏ ∂ψ/∂t = Ĥψ (time-dependent); Ĥψ = Eψ (time-independent)", "significance": "Predicts probability amplitudes; solutions (wavefunctions) give energy levels and spatial distributions", "interpretation": "|ψ(x)|² gives probability density of finding particle at position x"},
            {"name": "Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle", "description": "Fundamental limit on simultaneous precision of complementary observables", "formula": "Δx · Δp ≥ ℏ/2; ΔE · Δt ≥ ℏ/2", "significance": "Not a measurement limitation but intrinsic property of quantum systems; conjugate variables cannot be simultaneously sharp", "implications": "Explains atomic stability (electron can't collapse into nucleus), zero-point energy"},
            {"name": "Quantum Superposition", "description": "Quantum system exists in all possible states simultaneously until measured", "formula": "|ψ⟩ = α|0⟩ + β|1⟩ where |α|² + |β|² = 1", "significance": "Basis of quantum computing (qubits); demonstrated by double-slit interference", "famous_example": "Schrödinger's cat thought experiment (cat simultaneously alive and dead)"},
            {"name": "Quantum Entanglement", "description": "Two or more particles share a quantum state; measurement of one instantaneously affects the other regardless of distance", "formula": "|ψ⟩ = (|00⟩ + |11⟩)/√2 (Bell state)", "significance": "Violates local realism (Bell's theorem); basis for quantum cryptography and teleportation", "experimental_verification": "Aspect experiment (1982) confirmed Bell inequality violation; 2022 Nobel Prize"},
            {"name": "Quantum Measurement (Collapse)", "description": "Measurement causes wavefunction to collapse to an eigenstate of the measured observable", "interpretations": [{"name": "Copenhagen", "description": "Collapse is fundamental; measurement creates reality"}, {"name": "Many-Worlds", "description": "No collapse; all outcomes realized in branching universes"}, {"name": "Decoherence", "description": "Apparent collapse due to entanglement with environment"}], "significance": "Measurement problem remains unresolved; central mystery of quantum foundations"},
            {"name": "Pauli Exclusion Principle", "description": "No two identical fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously", "formula": "ψ(r₁,r₂) = -ψ(r₂,r₁) (antisymmetric wavefunction for fermions)", "significance": "Explains electron shell structure, periodic table, stability of matter, neutron star degeneracy pressure", "applies_to": "Fermions (electrons, protons, neutrons, quarks); not bosons (photons, gluons)"}
        ]
    }
}