api: "YAML JSON TOON Database"
version: "1.0.0"
format: "json"
dataset:
  id: 69
  slug: "literary-movements"
  title: "Literary Movements and Their Characteristics"
  description: "Major literary movements from Renaissance to Postmodernism: key characteristics, representative authors, and defining works that shaped each era."
  category: "Literature"
  category_slug: "literature"
  tags: "literature,literary-movements,romanticism,modernism,realism,postmodernism,renaissance,enlightenment"
  view_count: 0
  created_at: 1778695229
  updated_at: 1778695229
data:
  movements:
    - name: "Renaissance (14th-17th century)"
      characteristics:
        - "Humanism and classical revival"
        - "Focus on individual potential and achievement"
        - "Secular themes alongside religious ones"
        - "Sonnet and blank verse forms"
      key_authors:
        - "Shakespeare (Hamlet, Sonnets)"
        - "Dante (Divine Comedy)"
        - "Petrarch (Canzoniere)"
        - "Milton (Paradise Lost)"
      historical_context: "Fall of Constantinople (1453), printing press, exploration age"
    - name: "Enlightenment / Neoclassicism (17th-18th century)"
      characteristics:
        - "Reason, logic, and rationalism"
        - "Order, balance, and classical forms"
        - "Satire and social criticism"
        - "Emphasis on universal human nature"
      key_authors:
        - "Voltaire (Candide)"
        - "Jonathan Swift (Gulliver's Travels)"
        - "Alexander Pope (The Rape of the Lock)"
        - "John Locke (philosophical influence)"
      historical_context: "Scientific revolution, French Revolution, age of reason"
    - name: "Romanticism (late 18th-mid 19th century)"
      characteristics:
        - "Emotion over reason; imagination and intuition"
        - "Nature as sublime and transformative"
        - "Individualism and the heroic outsider"
        - "Gothic elements; fascination with the supernatural"
      key_authors:
        - "Wordsworth & Coleridge (Lyrical Ballads)"
        - "Mary Shelley (Frankenstein)"
        - "Goethe (The Sorrows of Young Werther)"
        - "Edgar Allan Poe (Tales of Mystery)"
      historical_context: "Industrial Revolution backlash, French Revolution aftermath"
    - name: "Realism (mid-late 19th century)"
      characteristics:
        - "Faithful representation of everyday life"
        - "Focus on middle and working classes"
        - "Rejection of Romantic idealization"
        - "Determinism and social critique"
      key_authors:
        - "Leo Tolstoy (Anna Karenina, War and Peace)"
        - "Gustave Flaubert (Madame Bovary)"
        - "George Eliot (Middlemarch)"
        - "Fyodor Dostoevsky (Crime and Punishment)"
      historical_context: "Industrialization, urbanization, rise of sociology"
    - name: "Modernism (early-mid 20th century)"
      characteristics:
        - "Fragmentation and stream of consciousness"
        - "Rejection of traditional narrative forms"
        - "Alienation and disillusionment"
        - "Experimentation with time and perspective"
      key_authors:
        - "James Joyce (Ulysses)"
        - "Virginia Woolf (To the Lighthouse)"
        - "T.S. Eliot (The Waste Land)"
        - "Franz Kafka (The Metamorphosis)"
      historical_context: "World Wars, Freud, Einstein, collapse of old order"
    - name: "Postmodernism (mid-late 20th century)"
      characteristics:
        - "Pastiche, parody, and intertextuality"
        - "Rejection of grand narratives and absolute truth"
        - "Metafiction and self-referentiality"
        - "Blurring of high and low culture"
      key_authors:
        - "Thomas Pynchon (Gravity's Rainbow)"
        - "Italo Calvino (If on a winter's night a traveler)"
        - "Don DeLillo (White Noise)"
        - "Jorge Luis Borges (Ficciones)"
      historical_context: "Cold War, consumer culture, media saturation, post-structuralism"