OSI Model Layers
The seven layers of the OSI reference model.
The seven layers of the OSI reference model, numbered from the physical layer (1) up to the application layer (7), each with its function and example protocols. It is the shared vocabulary for saying where in the stack a device, protocol or fault belongs.
Use it when
- You need the numbering and names of the layers, for example to explain what a 'layer 7 firewall' or 'layer 2 switch' does.
- You are teaching or troubleshooting by working up or down the stack.
Watch out for
- OSI is a reference model. TCP/IP, which the internet runs on, groups the upper three OSI layers into one application layer.
- Many protocols do not sit cleanly in one layer; TLS, for example, is placed at layer 6 or 5 depending on who is drawing it.
The data
7 rows
| Layer | Name | Function | Example protocols |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Application | Network services for applications | HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS |
| 6 | Presentation | Data translation, encryption, compression | SSL/TLS, JPEG, ASCII |
| 5 | Session | Manages sessions between applications | NetBIOS, RPC |
| 4 | Transport | End-to-end communication and reliability | TCP, UDP |
| 3 | Network | Logical addressing and routing | IP, ICMP, OSPF |
| 2 | Data Link | Node-to-node framing and media access | Ethernet, PPP |
| 1 | Physical | Raw bit transmission over media | USB, Ethernet cables, radio |
Fields
The shape of this dataset, read from the data itself: every column, its type and a real value. Agents can use this to plan a query without fetching the whole document.
| Section | Field | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| data | layer | integer | 7 |
| data | name | string | Application |
| data | function | string | Network services for applications |
| data | example_protocols | string | HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS |
Fetch the same bytes
The static files contain the same reference rows as the API, with no API rate limit. Live metadata, such as view counts, may differ. Use the API for content negotiation; use the static files for a cacheable snapshot.
curl "https://yjtoon.com/api/dataset/osi-model-layers?format=toon"
const res = await fetch( "https://yjtoon.com/static-data/dataset/osi-model-layers.toon" ); const toon = await res.text();
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