Virtualization Concepts
Key concepts in hardware virtualization and virtual machines.
The data
0
- Concept
- Hypervisor (Type 1)
- Description
- Bare-metal hypervisor running directly on hardware.
- Examples
- VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, Xen, KVM
1
- Concept
- Hypervisor (Type 2)
- Description
- Hosted hypervisor running on top of a host operating system.
- Examples
- VirtualBox, VMware Workstation, Parallels
2
- Concept
- Virtual Machine
- Description
- Emulated computer system with its own OS and resources.
- Vs
- vs Container: heavier isolation, full OS
3
- Concept
- Para-virtualization
- Description
- Guest OS is modified to communicate with hypervisor via hypercalls.
- Examples
- Xen (early), IBM LPARs
4
- Concept
- Hardware-assisted Virtualization
- Description
- CPU extensions (Intel VT-x, AMD-V) enable efficient VM isolation.
- Examples
- Modern hypervisors all use this
5
- Concept
- SR-IOV
- Description
- Single Root I/O Virtualization - allows direct VM access to PCIe devices.
- Benefit
- Near-native network performance
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