api: YAML JSON TOON Database
version: 1.0.0
format: yaml
dataset:
  id: 481
  slug: rust-language-features
  title: Rust Language Features
  description: "Core Rust programming language concepts: ownership, borrowing, lifetimes, traits, and concurrency."
  category: Programming Languages
  category_slug: programming-languages
  tags: rust,systems,programming,memory-safety,concurrency
  view_count: 6
  created_at: 1781275786
  updated_at: 1781275786
data:
  features:
    - name: Ownership
      category: Memory Management
      description: Each value has a single owner; when owner goes out of scope, value is dropped.
      example: "let s1 = String::from(\"hello\"); let s2 = s1; // s1 is no longer valid"
    - name: Borrowing
      category: Memory Management
      description: References (&) allow you to refer to some value without taking ownership.
      example: "let r = &s; // immutable borrow
let r_mut = &mut s; // mutable borrow (exclusive)"
    - name: Lifetimes
      category: Memory Management
      description: Annotations ensure all references are valid; compiler enforces lifetime rules.
      example: "fn longest<'a>(x: &'a str, y: &'a str) -> &'a str { if x.len() > y.len() { x } else { y } }"
    - name: Traits
      category: Abstraction
      description: Define shared behavior; similar to interfaces in other languages. Use generics with trait bounds.
      example: "trait Summary { fn summarize(&self) -> String; }
impl Summary for NewsArticle { ... }"
    - name: Pattern Matching
      category: Control Flow
      description: Match expressions check enum variants, destructure structs, and bind variables.
      example: match value { Some(x) => x, None => 0, Err(e) => panic!("{}", e) }
    - name: Concurrency (Fearless)
      category: Concurrency
      description: "Thread-safe by compile-time checks: Send and Sync traits guarantee no data races at runtime."
      example: "let handle = thread::spawn(|| { for _ in 0..10 { println!(\"thread\"); } });
handle.join().unwrap();"
    - name: Error Handling (Result<T,E>)
      category: Error Handling
      description: Enums Result<T,E> and Option<T> force explicit handling; no null or unchecked exceptions.
      example: "let f: Result<File> = File::open(\"file.txt\");
match f { Ok(file) => ..., Err(e) => eprintln!(\"{}\", e) }"
    - name: Zero-Cost Abstractions
      category: Performance
      description: High-level constructs compile to assembly as efficient as hand-written C; no runtime overhead.
      example: "Iterators: v.iter().map(|x| x * 2).filter(|x| x > 10).collect::<Vec<_>>();"